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美联邦政府寻求对六家电子烟制造商的永久禁令_我的网站

A |     美国食品和药物管理局烟草产品中心主任Brian King在一份声明中说：“我们不会对制造商一再违反法律袖手旁观，尤其是在获得多次遵守的机会之后。”这些公司在销售烟草产品之前需要得到美国食品和药物管理局的许可，其中包括蒸汽烟和电子烟。

B |     BANGKOK -- The first group of Thai workers evacuated from Israel after the past few days’ bloody events in southern Israel and Gaza arrived Thursday in the Thai capital of Bangkok, greeted by anxious relatives and senior officials.Hamas militants stormed through a border fence Saturday and killed hundreds of Israelis in their homes, on the streets and at an outdoor music festival. The Israelis have responded with punishing airstrikes and preparations for a possible ground invasion. The conflict has claimed at least 2,600 lives on both sides, including some Southeast Asian workers living in Israel.The 41 Thais who returned home on a commercial flight of the Israeli airline El Al included two men wounded in the violence who had to use wheelchairs to exit the aircraft.Farm laborers from Thailand seek work in more developed countries where there is a shortage of semi-skilled labor — at wages considerably higher than they can earn at home.Tens of thousands of workers in Israel from nations including Thailand and the Philippines send their earnings home to support their families. That money also helps to fire up their native countries’ economies.But the appearance of Thais and Filipinos on the lists of dead, wounded and missing in the past few days is a reminder that foreign workers toil in peril of their lives.About 30,000 Thais are working in Israel, according to the Thai Foreign Ministry, and about 5,000 of them live in the southern area near the border with Gaza.One of them, Katchakorn Pudtason, said his employer at the farm where he worked initially herded all his workers into a bunker when Saturday's attacks took place, but after they left it for lunch they could still hear shooting. As they were being driven back to their workplace, Katchakorn heard more gunshots and felt something hit his knee, he said.“I thought it was a rock but it went through. So I hit the truck and told the driver to drive away,” he said. He added that he was one of four people in the vehicle who suffered injuries that day. He was one of the two returnees who had to use a wheelchair.Thailand's Cabinet ministers for labor, defense and foreign affairs were at Bangkok's international airport for the evacuees' arrival. The government has vowed to look after the evacuees' physical and mental well-being.Foreign Minister Parnpree Bahiddha-Nukara said 5,990 Thais have registered to be evacuated and officials are working around the clock to accommodate them.“We need a Plan B to take out as many people as possible,” said Defense Minister Suthin Klangsaeng. “We will use military aircraft to evacuate people from the high-risk area to a third country, such as (the United Arab Emirates).”The number of Thais affected by the tragedy stood out in lists of non-Israeli nationals affected by the violence: Thailand’s foreign ministry Thursday said 21 Thais are believed dead and 14 wounded. Sixteen were believed to have been taken hostage.Survivor Chatree Chasri left his home in northeastern Thailand in 2019 to work in Israel as an agricultural laborer to pay off debts and provide for his wife and two children back home in Nakhon Phanom. Foreign work is a common path for Thais from the country’s economically disadvantaged rural areas, especially the northeast.Working under a government-to-government agreement, the 38-year-old has been farming tomatoes and cauliflower for the past four years in the southern Israeli town of Mivtahim, less than 10 kilometers (6 miles) away from Israel’s border with Gaza.Despite the occasional shelling and rocket attacks that sent him running for cover, his life at the farm had been OK until Saturday, he said from Israel in a phone interview with The Associated Press. Now he says he wants to come home, and never go back to Israel.Chatree was shot several times in his hip shortly after Hamas launched its rocket attacks and shock ground offensive into southern Israel, killing hundreds of people and capturing more than 100 who were hauled back to Gaza as hostages.Chatree was using a toilet at the farm where he works with other foreign laborers when he suddenly heard gunshots.“The sounds came closer and bullets went through the wall of the toilet,” he said, recalling the moment he was hit. He then saw two gunmen making their way into the workers' living quarters and open fire, so the workers fled outside to hide.Vibhavadi Vannachai, a Thai expatriate who has lived in Israel for nearly two decades and is coordinating with Israeli authorities to help the Thai workers, fears the number of victims may rise.Vibhavadi, originally from Nong Bua Lamphu province in Thailand’s northeast, works as an interpreter in a legal office whose cases mostly involve resolving disputes between Thai workers and their employers.She said abuse and violations of their rights are common, with many bound by years-long contracts but cheated of their wages. Many are forced to work long hours and are beaten if they refuse. Some have to live in “quarters that are not fit for human beings,” she said.Vibhavadi helped find temporary accommodations for Chatree and Padoong Bootmo, a 26-year-old Thai worker shot on Saturday who said the potato and yam farm where he works in Yesha was raided twice by gunmen and then burned down. Padoong said in a phone interview he had been able to send 40,000 baht ($1,100) home each month. He might under the best of circumstances make less than half that doing the same job in Thailand, but he said he doesn’t want to stay in Israel anymore.The killing of at least two Filipino foreign workers underscored the threats also faced by those workers in Israel. About 30,000 Filipinos live and work in the country many as caregivers who look after the elderly, the ill and those with physical disabilities, according to the Philippines' foreign ministry. The huge income they send back home, which last year amounted to an all-time high of $36.14 billion, has helped keep the country’s fragile economy afloat.One of the two Filipinos killed Saturday was a caregiver who was shot with her employer inside their house by Hamas gunmen, according to the Philippines Embassy in Israel. The other was killed under still-unclear circumstances.At least three Filipinos remain missing, embassy officials have said.Still, Foreign Undersecretary Eduardo de Vega said Wednesday that no Filipino has asked to be repatriated from Israel. Jeremiah Supan, a 34-year-old Filipino caregiver in Israel, told The Associated Press in a telephone interview Wednesday that he made it clear to Philippines officials he did not want to return home. As the family breadwinner, he sends his earnings home to enable his 10-year-old son to remain in school and sustain other loved ones."The rocket firings continue” Supan said. “But if I leave, all that assistance that I send to my family back home will be lost.”___Gomez reported from Manila. Associated Press writer Grant Peck contributed.。

C | 在过去的一年里，该机构一直在处理数百家生产电子烟的公司的申请，批准了少数几家，拒绝了许多其他公司。尽管如此，许多公司仍然继续生产和销售新产品，而没有经过FDA的程序。根据该声明，到目前为止，该机构只向它所说的违法公司发出警告信--迄今为止，它已发出近300封。但在许多情况下，这些信件并没有起到作用。

D | 根据Stat News的调查，警告信中提到的一半以上的产品今年夏天仍在市场上销售。

E | 美国食品和药物管理局说，面临禁令的六家公司已经收到警告，但继续销售未经授权的电子烟产品。这些公司位于明尼苏达州、西弗吉尼亚州、华盛顿州、佐治亚州、堪萨斯州和亚利桑那州。禁令标志着美国食品和药物管理局监督蒸汽烟和电子烟的方法发生了变化，并可能是对其他处于类似情况的公司的警告。该机构还有其他执法工具可供支配，包括有权发出罚款。面临禁令的六家公司可以同意一个两边同意的判决，这将“阻止他们直接或间接制造、销售或分销任何新的烟草产品，除非并直到满足某些先决条件”--包括要求这些产品获得FDA的授权。如果这些公司不同意，联邦机构可以要求法院阻止他们制造和销售产品。

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Published on:04:46:59